The Intriguing History and Legacy of the Congress Party: Debunking Myths and Unveiling Truths

The Indian National Congress (Congress Party) remains a significant force in Indian politics, with its origins dating back to 1885. This article delves into the party's history, its role in India's struggle for independence, and dispels some long-held myths surrounding its establishment and early years.

The Formation and Early Years of the Congress Party

The Congress Party was established in 1885 by Allan Octavian Hume and Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee with the purpose of awakening the Indian people to the need for self-governance. The party experienced various phases in its history, characterized by ideological shifts and leadership changes. From the Moderates (1885-1905), who sought gradual reforms, to the Extremists (1905-1919), who emphasized immediate independence, the party's stance evolved under the leadership of Mohandas Gandhi during the Gandhian Era (1919-1947), and Jawaharlal Nehru during the Nehru era (1947-1964).

Myths and Facts Unveiled

Contrary to popular belief, the Congress Party was not the sole voice of India's freedom struggle. There are several myths that have been perpetuated regarding the party's role and the British's relationship with it. The following truths shed light on these misconceptions:

Myth 1: Congress Party was a Product of British Ingenuity

Contrary to popular belief, the Congress Party was not a brainchild of the British but was formed by British officials to serve their interests. A.O. Hume, a British civil servant, founded the party in 1885 with the objective of creating an official platform for Indian freedom fighters. The British treated Congressmen as official freedom fighters and funds were provided to ensure the party remained influential and dominant over rival political parties.

Myth 2: Congress was the Sole Champion of Independence

There were other significant freedom fighters who did not align with the Congress. For instance, Veer Savarkar and Subhas Chandra Bose. Savarkar aligned with the Hindu Mahasabha instead of the Congress, and Bose formed the Azad Hind Fauz (Free India Army) to challenge British rule. The British were aware of the threat these movements posed and took steps to divide and rule, leading to the partition of India.

Myth 3: Congress has Always been a Representative for All Indians

After India's independence, the Congress Party continued to have a close relationship with the British. Nehru, for instance, wrote a letter pledging India's continued service to the British, which he signed in 1946. This letter, found in the Reminiscences of the Nehru Era by M.O. Mathai, a Nehru secretary, reveals the extent of the British influence over the Congress Party.

Parties and Political Tensions: Latest Developments

Currently, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) holds significant political power, and the Congress Party struggles to gain ground. Recent controversies, such as pension scheme irregularities, gas cylinder shortages, and delays in Muslims' welfare programs, have exacerbated the political tensions. Additionally, the party's inability to provide better directions and to unite under a common leader has further reduced its popularity.

Conclusion

The Indian National Congress has played a pivotal role in India's struggle for independence, but its history is riddled with contradictions and misconceptions. By understanding the truth behind its formation and relationship with the British, we can better appreciate the complexity of the political landscape in India today.

Keywords: Congress Party, Indian Independence, Political History