The Gun Supply to Mexican Cartels: USA vs. Mexico
Mexico's relationship with its own firearms industry and the supply of weapons to cartels has been a complex and contentious issue. This article delves into the current landscape of gun manufacturing, supply chains, and legal frameworks, particularly the role of the United States in these dynamics.
Understanding Mexico's Firearms Industry
Despite common misconceptions, Mexico does have its own firearms manufacturing industry. The country has license agreements with well-known manufacturers like FN and HK, allowing for the production of models such as the FAL and G3. Additionally, MX firearms use roller-delayed blowback mechanisms, which are similar to designs produced by these international partners.
However, despite having the capability to manufacture certain types of firearms, the reality is that most weapons in the hands of cartels do not come from Mexico. This is ironic, given that it becomes easier for cartels to acquire weapons from the 'squeaky clean' United States than from the 'corrupt' Mexican government. This situation has evolved over time, particularly with Obama and Eric Holder being out of office and the conclusion of the 'Fast and Furious' gun running scandal.
The 'Fast and Furious' Gun Running Controversy
The 'Fast and Furious' gun running scandal, initiated by Eric Holder, then the Attorney General, was a critical period in the dynamics between US and Mexican gun supply. Holder instructed certain gun dealers to sell weapons to Mexican cartels, a move intended to trace and disrupt smuggling routes. While it has since been referred to as a misguided attempt, the reality is that fewer than 10% of the weapons seized in Mexico were actually purchased or stolen from the USA and smuggled into Mexico.
Evidence from the U.S. ATF shows that a high percentage of the weapons found in Mexico were, in fact, stolen from within Mexico and from Central/South American countries, rather than directly sourced from the United States. This highlights the complexity of gun supply in the region, with domestic theft playing a significant role.
Contrasting Legal Frameworks and Homicide Rates
Mexico's strict gun laws and the ease of purchasing firearms in the United States create a stark contrast. Legal firearm acquisition in Mexico requires going to a specific office, SEDENA (SecretarÃa de Defensa Nacional), which is akin to the U.S. Homeland Security. Consequently, acquiring a gun legally in Mexico is a more intricate process compared to the United States, where background checks are not a standard requirement.
Despite this, the homicide rate in Mexico has declined until the USA began producing more weapons, leading to increased violence in cartels. This correlation underscores the significant impact of weapons supply on regional stability.
A recent report suggests that approximately 20% of the guns found in Mexico come from the USA. While the Mexican government now has a lawsuit against U.S. gun manufacturers, it highlights the ongoing challenges in addressing the issue of illegal firearms.
Conclusion
Mexico's firearms industry and its relationship with the production of weapons are multifaceted. While the country does have its own manufacturing capabilities, the majority of weapons used by cartels still find their way from the United States. The dynamics and legal frameworks surrounding gun supply in both countries continue to influence the violence and stability in the region.