How to Clean Green Oxidation from Copper Items: A Comprehensive Guide
The green substance that appears on copper items is due to the process of oxidation, forming copper oxide or patina. This green layer can be annoying for those who desire a shiny, new appearance or can be an attractive part of the item's history and value. Here, we provide a step-by-step guide on how to clean this green stuff from copper items, including natural methods and a commercial cleaner option.
Understanding Copper Oxidation and Patina
The green substance on copper items is actually copper oxide or patina. Patina is a beautiful, protective layer that forms as copper oxidizes. However, if you prefer a cleaner look or if the item has become tarnished, you need to remove the oxidation.
Methods to Clean Copper Oxidation
Method 1: Vinegar and Salt Paste
Ingredients: Mix equal parts vinegar and salt to create a paste. This mixture can be applied to the green areas of the copper item using a soft cloth or sponge.
Application and Scrubbing: Gently scrub the surface with the paste. The acidity of the vinegar and the abrasiveness of the salt will help to remove the oxidation.
Rinsing: Rinse the item thoroughly with water and dry it with a clean cloth.
Method 2: Lemon Juice and Baking Soda Paste
Preparation: Squeeze lemon juice into a bowl and add enough baking soda to form a paste.
Application and Scrubbing: Apply the paste to the affected areas using a soft cloth or sponge. Gently scrub the surface.
Rinsing: Rinse with water and dry the item with a clean cloth.
Method 3: Commercial Copper Cleaner
Purchase: Commercial copper cleaner can be bought from stores and online.
Application Instructions: Apply the cleaner according to the manufacturer's instructions, typically involving applying the cleaner and then wiping it off with a soft cloth.
Precautions and Tips
It's crucial to test a small, inconspicuous area first to ensure that the cleaning method does not damage the item. For antique or valuable pieces, consider consulting a professional conservator to avoid damage.
When cleaning copper items, especially if they are valuable or antique, careful handling is essential to maintain their integrity.
Preventing Further Oxidation
To avoid further oxidation, apply a thin layer of wax or lacquer designed for metal surfaces after cleaning. This will help to seal the metal and prevent oxidation from occurring again.
Removing All Oxidation: Using Ferric Chloride
For thorough cleaning or restoration, an acid etch solution can be used to burn off the oxidation. Ferric chloride is a commonly used solution for this purpose, which can be purchased at hobby shops and online.
To enhance the effectiveness, you can add a small amount of hydrochloric acid, commonly known as muriatic acid or pool acid, which can be obtained from a hardware store or pool supply. Always be cautious when handling these acids and dispose of the resulting solution properly, as copper salts can be toxic to plants and animals.
Conclusion
The choice of cleaning method depends on the item's value and intended use. For valuable or antique copper items, preserving the patina can be important, but for other applications, thorough cleaning may be necessary. Use the appropriate method to maintain and enhance the appearance of your copper items.