Damage Comparison: M4 vs AK47

Introduction

When comparing the M4 and AK47, enthusiasts and experts argue about which gun can do more damage. This article provides a comprehensive analysis from a medical standpoint and based on ballistic principles, helping you understand the nuanced differences between these two iconic weapons.

Medical Standpoint

From a medical perspective, the M4 does significantly more damage compared to the AK47. The M4 has a round with more kinetic energy, creating a deeper wound channel through a process called cavitation. This means that when struck by an M4 round, the survival rate is much lower than when struck by an AK47 round. The M4 rounds are higher in velocity, resulting in more energy transfer upon impact, which can cause more severe injuries.

Firing Mechanism and Ballistics

The AK47 fires a 7.62x39 round, while the M4 fires a 5.56/.223 round. The 5.56 round is designed for penetration and high speed, whereas the 7.62 round, while slower, is more effective at causing damage to soft tissue. In terms of physical properties, the 5.56 round travels at a higher foot-pounds of energy (950-1050) compared to the 7.62 round (1350-1425) based on their respective muzzle velocities.

Factors Influencing Performance

The distance between the shooter and the target plays a crucial role in determining which gun performs better. Within 300 yards, the AK47 tends to be the superior choice due to its heavier round and slightly lower fps velocities. Beyond 300 yards, the M4 emerges as the better choice, as it offers higher velocity and thus better accuracy and penetration capabilities.

Survival Rates and Legislation

In terms of lethality, both the M4 and AK47 can be lethal depending on where the shot hits the body. However, legally, the 5.56x45 NATO round used in the M4 is not always considered ethical for hunting due to its lower lethality, whereas the 7.62x39 round can be used for hunting deer in most cases.

Ballistic Analysis

Using ballistic calculations, the difference between the two rounds becomes apparent. The AK47 has a higher impact force per surface area, measured as:

AK47: 2,350 fps × π × 7.62mm2 428,427.2 ft-lbf M4: 2,970 fps × π × 5.56mm2 288,431.8 ft-lbf

At these ballistic figures, the AK47 would create a larger impact zone, which is more damaging at ranges up to 150 yards. However, as the rounds travel further, the 7.62x39 round experiences more effects from gravity and air resistance, reducing its velocity and overall damage potential.

Conclusion

While the M4 and AK47 have their unique strengths, the AK47 generally has the upper hand in terms of raw damage output, especially at close to medium ranges. Understanding the nuances of these comparisons can be crucial for tactical and surgical purposes, as well as in recreational contexts.